Correction and Retraction

JAFOTIK (Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknik Informatika) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors or concerns may occasionally be identified after an article has been published. To address such issues responsibly, JAFOTIK follows clear editorial procedures for correcting published articles, issuing expressions of concern, and retracting articles when necessary.

All post-publication actions are conducted carefully, impartially, and transparently, with the primary objective of preserving the integrity of scientific communication. Editorial decisions are based on the nature and severity of the issue, the available evidence, and recognized publication-ethics principles.

1. Corrections

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article and correcting it is necessary to maintain the accuracy or clarity of the scholarly record. Corrections may be initiated by the authors, editors, reviewers, or readers who identify a substantiated error.

Corrections may address, but are not limited to:

Errors in author names, affiliations, acknowledgments, or other publication metadata.
Typographical, formatting, or editorial errors that affect the interpretation or presentation of the article.
Errors in figures, tables, equations, references, or reported data that can be corrected without invalidating the principal findings or conclusions.
Other factual inaccuracies that require formal clarification.

The Editor-in-Chief or an authorized editor will assess the reported error and determine whether a formal correction is necessary. When appropriate, the authors will be contacted to provide clarification or supporting information.

An approved correction will be published as a separate notice or through another appropriate publication mechanism. The correction notice will identify the original article, clearly describe the error and its correction, and provide the relevant bibliographic information and DOI links where applicable. The original article will remain accessible, with an appropriate link to the correction notice, to maintain the transparency and traceability of the scholarly record.

If an error is so serious that a correction would not adequately address its consequences, the journal may consider an expression of concern or retraction.

2. Retractions

Retraction is a formal editorial action taken when a published article is found to be sufficiently unreliable or affected by serious ethical or research-integrity concerns that it should no longer be relied upon as part of the scholarly record.

Grounds for retraction may include, but are not limited to:

Clear evidence that the research findings are unreliable because of a major error in research design, data collection, data analysis, or interpretation.
Fabrication or falsification of data, results, images, or other research materials.
Plagiarism or substantial unattributed duplication of previously published work.
Redundant or duplicate publication that violates the journal's publication policies.
Unauthorized use of data, research materials, or intellectual property that materially compromises the validity or legitimacy of the publication.
Serious ethical violations, including research conducted without required ethical approval or consent where applicable.
Manipulation of the peer-review process or other forms of publication misconduct that compromise the integrity of the editorial process.
Other substantiated circumstances that seriously undermine the reliability, originality, or ethical legitimacy of the published article.

Retraction will not be imposed solely because authors disagree about the interpretation of results or because subsequent research challenges a previously published conclusion. The decision must be supported by an appropriate assessment of the evidence and the nature of the concern.

3. Expression of Concern

An expression of concern may be issued when credible concerns have been raised about a published article, but the available evidence is insufficient to justify an immediate correction or retraction, or an investigation is ongoing and cannot be concluded promptly.

An expression of concern may be appropriate when:

Serious questions have been raised about the reliability of the data or findings.
There is credible evidence of possible research or publication misconduct that requires further investigation.
An institutional or other appropriate investigation is ongoing, delayed, or unable to provide a timely conclusion.
The journal needs to alert readers to a material uncertainty regarding the reliability or integrity of a publication.

The notice will identify the article concerned and explain the nature of the issue to the extent that can be disclosed fairly and responsibly. The journal will review the matter as further evidence becomes available and may subsequently issue a correction, a retraction, or a notice concluding that no further action is necessary.

4. Reporting Errors and Research-Integrity Concerns

Authors, readers, reviewers, institutions, and other relevant parties may report suspected errors, ethical violations, or research-integrity concerns relating to articles published in JAFOTIK.

Reports should provide a clear description of the concern and, where available, relevant supporting evidence, such as original data, documentary records, published sources, or detailed explanations of the alleged error. Anonymous reports may be considered when they contain sufficiently specific information to permit a meaningful assessment.

Reports should be submitted to the journal through its official editorial contact channels or the contact information provided on the JAFOTIK website. The journal will assess the information received and determine whether further investigation is warranted.

5. Investigation and Editorial Procedures

When a potential error or research-integrity concern is reported, the journal will follow a fair and evidence-based assessment process:

Preliminary assessment: The Editor-in-Chief or an authorized editor evaluates the nature of the concern, the available evidence, and whether the matter falls within the journal's responsibility.
Request for clarification: Where appropriate, the journal contacts the corresponding author or other relevant parties to request an explanation, supporting documentation, or access to underlying research materials.
Further investigation: When necessary, the journal may consult independent experts, seek additional evidence, or contact the relevant author's institution or another appropriate authority, particularly when the matter involves potential research misconduct.
Evaluation of evidence: The editorial decision-maker considers the evidence, the responses received, the reliability of the published findings, and the applicable publication-ethics standards.
Editorial decision: Based on the findings, the journal determines whether to issue a correction, an expression of concern, a retraction, or no formal notice.
Publication and documentation: Where formal action is taken, the journal publishes an appropriate notice and maintains a clear link between the notice and the original article.

The journal will make reasonable efforts to handle cases promptly while allowing sufficient time for a fair assessment. The process will not be used to suppress legitimate academic criticism or to resolve scholarly disagreements that do not involve demonstrable errors or ethical violations.

6. Retraction Procedure and Publication of Notices

When retraction is warranted, JAFOTIK will publish a formal retraction notice that:

Clearly identifies the retracted article, including its title, authors, publication details, and DOI where available.
States that the article has been retracted.
Explains the principal reason for the retraction in sufficient detail to inform readers, subject to applicable confidentiality and legal considerations.
Identifies the party initiating the retraction when appropriate, such as the authors, the journal, or another authorized party.
Provides a permanent link between the retraction notice and the original article.

The original article will generally remain accessible to preserve the scholarly record, but it will be clearly marked as retracted, and the retraction notice will be prominently linked to it. Where technically possible, the retraction status will also be reflected in the article's metadata and relevant indexing or DOI records.

Retraction does not automatically imply that every author involved engaged in misconduct. Responsibility will be assessed on the basis of the available evidence and the circumstances of the case.

7. Responsibilities of Authors and Editors

Authors are responsible for the accuracy and integrity of their published work. They should promptly inform the journal when they discover a material error, cooperate with reasonable editorial inquiries, provide relevant supporting information, and participate in correction or retraction procedures when appropriate.

Editors are responsible for evaluating reported concerns objectively, protecting the confidentiality of the process where appropriate, providing relevant parties with a fair opportunity to respond, and making decisions based on the evidence and applicable ethical standards. Editors must disclose and appropriately manage conflicts of interest.

Reviewers and readers are encouraged to communicate substantiated concerns in good faith and to provide relevant evidence where available. Reports must be handled professionally, without prejudgment or unnecessary disclosure of confidential information.

8. Independence, Fairness, and Transparency

JAFOTIK will handle correction and retraction matters independently of commercial interests, institutional pressure, personal relationships, or other inappropriate influences. Decisions will be based on the reliability of the published research, the seriousness of the issue, the available evidence, and the applicable publication-ethics standards.

The journal will respect the rights of authors and other relevant parties to respond to concerns while prioritizing the integrity of the scholarly record. Confidentiality will be maintained where appropriate, subject to the requirements of a fair investigation and the need to communicate editorial actions transparently.

9. Alignment with Publication-Ethics Standards

JAFOTIK seeks to align its correction and retraction procedures with recognized scholarly publishing ethics and best practices, including guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The journal may update this policy as publication standards, technical requirements, and best practices evolve.

Through this policy, JAFOTIK aims to ensure that errors are corrected appropriately, serious concerns are investigated fairly, and the scholarly record remains as accurate, transparent, and reliable as possible.